ENG 237S (L0101): SCIENCE FICTION AND FANTASY

Course Description

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO, 2006-07

Instructor: Professor Ian Lancashire
Office: Room 122, Wetmore Hall, New College
Phone
: 416 978-8279
Office Hours: Wednesday 12-2
E-mail: ian.lancashire@utoronto.ca
Course URL: www.chass.utoronto.ca/~ian/237f20032007.htm

1. General Description of Course

A selection of major works in speculative fiction published from 1954 to 2003 and intended for a mass audience.
          sf or speculative fiction consists of science fiction, fantasy, and horror. Whenever sf imaginatively extends the hard (technology-based), social and human (medical, psychological) sciences, it can be called science fiction. This extrapolates from late 20th-century knowledge or takes a mythic perspective on scientific issues. sf that favours an animate, mysterious or supernatural universe can be called fantasy whenever it ends in escape and joy, and horror whenever it ends in entrapment. We will read different forms of post-WW2, largely North American sf. Most writers discussed in this course are active in publishing. They include winners of the field's prestigious Nebula and Hugo awards. Canadian writers have a high profile among speculative fiction writers internationally.
          Some works on this course return to themes of traditional sf: AI (Adams, Clarke, Gibson), space and time travel (Adams, Clarke, Wilson), utopias and dystopias (Amis, Atwood, Butler, Ishiguro), the end of the world (Adams, Bear, Shute), alternate history (Dick), parallel worlds (Russ), and new species and worlds (Adams, Atwood, Russ). Recent themes include ecological disaster and biogenetics (Atwood). In these ways, sf addresses our century's hopes for new knowledge, intelligent machines, increased powers for the human mind and body, freedom, and worlds better than our own. sf is a literary forum both for optimists convinced that the lot of humanity can be improved (e.g., Butler, Clarke) and for pessimists who disagree (e.g., Dick, Ishiguro). Of special interest is the increasing overlap between sf and "popular" science books by such as Carl Jung and Stephen Hawking.
          The defining work of postwar fantasy and horror, the counterweight to science fiction, is Tolkien's 3-volume Lord of the Rings. Typical themes of fantasy and horror include the world of "faerie" (Tolkien) and time distortions (Amis) .
          Two striking attempts to fuse the three forms, science fiction, fantasy, and horror, are Douglas Adams' Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy (AI, talking sperm whale, and the end of the world) and Margaret Atwood's Oryx and Crake (biogenetics, personal gods, and the end of humanity).

2. Textbooks and Provisional Schedule

The fiction (all paperback) is available at the university's textbook store. It will also stock Understanding SF, a collection of my essays on which my classes are based.

Reading:

1.     Douglas Adams, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy (1979)
2.     Martin Amis, Time's Arrow (1991)
3.
    Margaret Atwood, Oryx and Crake (2003)
4.
    Greg Bear, The Forge of God (1987)
5.     Octavia Butler, Parable of the Sower (1994)
6.
    Ted Chiang, Studies of Your Life and Others (2002): see also "Division by Zero" online.
7.     A. C. Clarke, 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968)
8.     Philip K. Dick, Man in the High Castle (1962)
9.
    William Gibson, Neuromancer (1984)
10.
  Kazuo Ishiguro, Never Let me Go (2005)
11.
  Joanna Russ, The Female Man (1975)
12.   Nevill Shute, On the Beach (1957)
13.
  J. J. R. Tolkien, The Two Towers (1954)
14.   Robert Charles Wilson, The Chronoliths (2001)

The following schedule of lecture/discussions is subject to change at short notice.

  • Week 1: Jan. 8, 10, 12.
    • Introduction (Monday); J. R. R. Tolkien's The Two Towers (1954; Wednesday, Friday)
  • Week 2: Jan. 15, 17, 19.
    • Tolkien (Monday): Nevill Shute, On the Beach (1957; Wednesday, Friday)
  • Week 3: Jan. 22, 24, 26.
    • Philip K. Dick, The Man in the High Castle (1962; Monday, Wednesday, Friday)
  • Week 4: Jan. 29, 31, Feb. 2.
    • Arthur C. Clarke, 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968; Monday, Wednesday)
    • Sf Case Study (Friday)
  • Week 5: Feb. 5, 7, 9.
    • Joanna Russ, The Female Man (1975; Monday, Wednesday, Friday):  
  • Week 6: Feb. 12, 14, 16.
    • TERM TEST Monday February 12 (on Tolkien, Shute, Dick, Clarke, Russ)
    • Douglas Adams, Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy (1979; Wednesday, Friday)
  • Reading Week: Feb. 19-23; no classes.
  • Week 7: Feb. 26, 28, March 2.
    • William Gibson, Neuromancer (1984; Monday, Wednesday, Friday)
  • Week 8: March 5, 7, 9.
    • Martin Amis, Time's Arrow (1991; Monday, Wednesday, Friday)
  • Week 9: March 12, 14, 16.
    • Octavia Butler, Parable of the Sower (1994; Monday, Wednesday)
    • SF Case Study (Friday)
  • Week 10: March 19, 21, 23.
    • Margaret Atwood, Oryx and Crake (2003; Monday, Wednesday, Friday)
  • Week 11: March 26, 29, 30.
    • Robert Charles Wilson, The Chronoliths (2001; Monday).
    • Ted Chiang, Studies of Your Life and Others (2002; Wednesday, Friday);.
  • Week 12: April 2, 4, 6 (Good Friday: University closed).
    • Kazuo Ishiguro, Never Let me Go (2005; Monday, Wednesday)
    • ESSAY DEADLINE Wednesday April 4 (lateness penalty: 5 percent per day late)
  • Week 13: April 9, 11, 13.
    • Greg Bear, The Forge of God (1987; Monday-Wednesday)
    • Summation (Friday)
  • Final examinations: April 23-May 11

3. Course Requirements

The course grade will consist of term work and a final exam, divided as follows:

  1. Term test on Monday February 12 (20%);
  2. 2,000-word term essay due Wednesday April 4 by 5 pm (40%);
  3. Final exam (40%)

Term test

The test on February 12 will cover Tolkien, Shute, Dick, Clarke, Russ. It will consist of short-answer questions, such as identifying and commenting on passages from these works. The test will offer choice. Here is a sample passage:

We walked down to the freeway -- the 118 -- and turned west. We would take the 118 to the 23 and the 23 to U.S. 101.

       Author:

Novel:

Speaker:

Significance:

Essay

Length: 2250 words.

Topic: Invent a sf world that extrapolates significantly from scientific ideas as expounded by one of the popular science books in list (a), that draws intelligently on mythological or spiritual things in list (b), and that alludes strikingly but indirectly to one film or television series. You may pair any one book from list (a) with any one item from list (b). You may add a second book or myth of your choice. The film or television series is up to you. Do not imitate an sf world of a work on this course.

(a) Alan Baddeley, Your Memory: A User's Guide (cognitive psychology; Firefly, 2004); Paul Davies, Are We Alone? (extraterrestrial life; BasicBooks, 1995); Hans Moravec, Mind Children: The Future of Robot and Human Intelligence (AI; Harvard UP, 1988); Matt Ridley, The Red Queen: Sex and the Evolution of Human Nature (biology; Penguin, 1993); Peter D. Ward, Gorgon (palaeontology; Penguin, 2004); James D. Watson, The Double Helix (genetics; Norton, 1980).

(b) Kali; Gitche Manitou; the Book of Revelation (Bible); T. S. Eliot's The Waste Land; Ragnarök; the Muses.

Essay Structure: your essay should have four parts—(i) a 1500-word synopsis of characters and plot, aimed at submission to a literary agent; (ii) a 500-word analysis of what you extrapolated from the popular science book and what drew from mythology or religion; (iii) 250 words on the relationship of your invention to the sf supergenre; (iv) a select bibliography of works cited or used (use the MLA style): see the Purdue OWL summary.

Due date: Wednesday April 4. All essays must be handed into me personally in class or left for me at the Porter's Lodge at Wetmore Hall, where they will be date-stamped. Essays may not be submitted by e-mail or other means.

Lateness Penalty: 5% per working day. Students who do not submit an essay by Friday April 13 at 5 pm will receive a zero for this assignment. No essays will be accepted after April 13.

Final exam

The compulsary final two-hour exam will be administered by the Faculty and will cover 12 novels (works by Bear and Wilson may be discussed in Part B but will not be examined in Part A). The exam has two parts. Part A (50 minutes) will ask you to identify and discuss passages from the novels in the schedule after February 12. Part B (70 minutes) will be an essay-type question. There will be choice.