"The
Community Question: The Intimate Networks of East Yorkers"
Barry Wellman.
American
Journal of Sociology 84 (March, 1979): 1201-31.
ABSTRACT
The Community Question
has set the agenda for much of sociology. It is the question of how large-scale
social systemic division of labor affect the organization and content of primary
ties. Network analysis is proposed as a useful approach to the Community Question,
because, by focusing on linkages, it avoids the priori confinement of analysis
to solidary groupings and territorial units. Three contentions about the Question
are evaluated: arguments that Community is Lost, Saved, or Liberated. Data are
presented about the structure and use of the "intimate" networks of 845 adult
residents of East York, Toronto. Intimate networks are found to be prevalent,
composed of both kin and nonkin, nonlocal, asymmetric, and of sparse density.
Help in dealing with both emergencies and everyday matters is available for almost
all intimate networks, but from only a minority of intimate ties. The data provide
broad support for Liberated argument, in conjunction with some portions of the
Saved argument.